Tuvan shamanw ka ɲɛnamaya bɛɛ ɲɛmɔgɔ, shaman ciyɛntalen min bɛ kɛwale kɔrɔ la
Tyva Repibiliki
Jamanadenw ka fɔ la, Mongush Borakhovich Kenin-Lopsan bangera Awirilikalo tile 10 san 1925 Tuvan jamana na, dugu misɛnnin dɔ la Khondergei baji kɛrɛfɛ Dzun-Khemchik kozhuun. A denmisɛnman tɔgɔla tɔgɔ min tùn bɛ o tɔgɔ in nɔ na, o tùn ye Tas ("Bald") ye min Bɔra Mongush jamu la, k'a sababu Kɛ a kunsigi kunsigi ma Bɔ waati jan kɔnɔ. U bɛnbaw tùn ye baganmaralaw, nɛgɛsotigiw, maanafɔla tɔgɔba ani shamanw ye. Fa ? Mongush Bora-Khoo Kendelgeevich tun ye sogo ɲininikɛla ye, maanafɔla ani bololabaarakɛla, a tun bɛ Sinuwakan ni Mɔngolikan fɔ kosɛbɛ. Yala shaman tɔgɔba dɔ tun bɛ a ka denbaya kɔnɔ wa? Dulush Donduk ye. Bamuso? Mongush Sendinmaa Shiizhekovna tun bɛ Sat kabila la. Yala shamanw fana tun bɛ a ka layini kɛrɛ fɛ wa? Sat Sevilbaa ani Kuular Khandyzhap (Kenin-Lopsan bamuso kɔrɔba). Kuular Khandyzhap tun ye shaman tɔgɔba ye, mɔgɔw tun b’a wele Kham-Urug walima Kham-Kadai, o kɔrɔ ye ko “shaman sunguru”, “muso shaman”.
Yala denmisɛn caman tun bɛ Bora Hoo denbaya kɔnɔ wa? balimamuso 9 ani balimakɛ 6; Tas tun bɛ jɔyɔrɔ wɔɔrɔnan na. Kaban, a si bɛ san saba la, a y’a lamini mɔgɔw kabakoya n’a hakili la: maanafɔla bɛna nsiirin dɔ da, o dugujɛ, cɛnin bɛna o lakali kokura k’a ta a daminɛ na fo a laban na. Siɲɛ kelen, Tibɛti mɔnikɛ yaalatɔ dɔ nana a bangebagaw ka yurt la. Facɛman y’a ɲininka mun na a denkɛ kelen ma kunsigi falen. Mɔnikɛ ye cɛnin filɛ k’a fɔ ko: “A bɛna kɛ hakilitigi, kalanden ye, nka a t’o dɔn fɔlɔ. Sisan a ? Kenin-Lopsan (a bamanankanna ka bɔ Tibetkan na "kenin" kɔrɔ ye "nalomanya", "nalomanya"; "lopsan"? "hakilitigi", "cɛ kalanden"). A y'a Fɔ fana ko: "Nin cɛnin in bɛna Se ka sɛbɛnni Kɛ, a ka Taa a yɛrɛ ka sira fɛ."
O la, Tas min bɔra Mongush jamu la, o kɛra Kenin-Lopsan ye, wa tɔgɔla tɔgɔ Mongush, sɛbɛnw sɔrɔli waati la, o sɛbɛnna i n’a fɔ tɔgɔ dilen.
Kenin-Lopsan si tun ye san 9 ye, a ye shaman bana dɔ sɔrɔ. Su fɛ, a tun bɛ bɔ sennasanbara la, hali nɛnɛ waati. fɛn dɔ mugumugu, ka kuma mɔgɔ dɔ fɛ. Yala a bamuso ye shaman ye wa? Kuular Khandyzhap y’a daminɛ ka kali ani k’a fɔ ko a bɛna tugu a senna ka kɛ Sankolola shaman ye: “Yala ne bɛna taa diɲɛ wɛrɛ la wa? a na to shaman ye ne kɔfɛ.” Tuma jumɛn na Npogotiginin y’a ka fanga di a ma? bana in tɛmɛna .
“Ne bamuso tun ye shamanba ye, ? ko M.B. ko ten. Kenin-Lopsan ye baara kɛ. ? A tɔgɔ bɔra kosɛbɛ kozhuun, wa a ye tɔɔrɔ sɔrɔ siɲɛ saba faamaw fɛ a ka walew kosɔn. Fɔlɔ ? y’a denkɛ minɛ, k’a fɔ ko a ye jamanadenw jugu ye ani Zapɔn ka sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛla. U ye marifa ci a la ni gɔfɛrɛnaman mɔgɔ dɔw ye. Tile 12 o kɔfɛ, san 1934, n bamuso fana minɛna. A ye sàn 5 Kɛ kaso la "contre-révolutionnement crimes" kosɔn. San 1940 cɛmancɛ la, Tuva donna Soviyetiki jamana na tuma min na, a minɛna tugun ka da a kan a jalakilen don ko a ye propagande kɛ Soviyetiki jamana kama. O kɔfɛ, a si tun ye san 63 ye, ani u ye a jalaki tugun, sisan a bɛ san 15 bɔ. Tiɲɛ don, fanga ka jalaki tun ye dalilu dɔrɔn de ye walasa ka shaman ɲɛnamaba in halaki.”
Hali denmisɛnya la, M.B. Kenin-Lopsan y’a daminɛ ka poyi ni maanaw sɛbɛn. A bɔko fɔlɔ kɛra sigida kunnafonisɛbɛn dɔ kɔnɔ a si tun bɛ san tan ni saba dɔrɔn na. O waati la, a tùn bɛ kàlan na halibi san wolonwula duguma-kalanso dɔ la Chadan dugu la. O kɔ fɛ, a ye A.S. ka baara dɔw baara. Pushkin ye. 1947 sàn, a ka poyi "Tuva ka nisɔndiya" Bɔra sigida kamalenninw ka kunnafonisɛbɛn dɔ la. O sàn kelen in na, a bɛ Bɔ yen ka Taa kàlan Kɛ Leningrad Etazini ka Iniwɛrisite la.
A seginna Tuva a ka kalan bannen kɔ Leningrad Etazini ka Iniwɛrisite la san 1953, M.B. Kenin-Lopsan, n’o ye kɔrɔnfɛla filolozi kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen ye, a y’a daminɛ ka Tuvankan ni sɛbɛnniw kalan Pedagogique College la Kyzyl. O kɔ fɛ, a ye sàn 13 Kɛ 'sènfɛ-sɛbɛnnikɛla ye Tuva gafebɔyɔrɔ la. 1956 sàn, a ka poyi dalajɛlen dɔ Bɔra min tɔgɔ ye ko "Siraba", wa 1965 sàn? gafe fɔlɔ "Baba teliyalen bajiba".
Shamani barokun tun bɛ M.B. Kenin-Lopsan, hali ni dantigɛliw kɛra. “O waatiw la, a tun bɛ sɔn a ma kosɛbɛ ko Tuvan dɔnnikɛlaw tun tɛ Tuvan shamanism kɛ, ? hakili b’a la ko M.B. Kenin-Lopsan ye baara kɛ. ? Tiɲɛ na, dɔnnikɛlaw siranna kosɛbɛ o barokun ɲɛ. Ni u ye o gɛlɛya jateminɛ, u tun b’o kɛ gundo la. O la, mɔgɔ si tun t’a dɔn ko n bɛ shamanw ka fɔlisenw lajɛ. Hali ni shamanw ye n ye ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ gundo la. Siɲɛ kelen, a fɔra n ye ko jamana wɛrɛ dɔnnikɛla dɔ, Hɔngiri ɲininikɛla dɔ, kɔrɔnfɛla dɔnnikɛla ani siyako dɔnbaga dɔ, n’o ye Vilmos Diosegi ye, o nana. An ye ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ tuma min na, a ye n ɲininka ni n bɛ shamanw kɛ. N y’a fɔ a ye ko n ye dɔnniyasɛbɛn dɔ sɛbɛn nin barokun in kan, nka n siranna k’a jira mɔgɔ si la. O kɔ, a y’a ɲini n fɛ n ka n ka ɲinini dɔw kalan. O dugusagwɛ, ne nana ni baara dɔ ye a fɛ, min tun bɛ Tuvan shamanw sudoncogo kan.”
Kabini san 1966 M.B. Kenin-Lopsan bɛ baara kɛ Tuva jamana ka sigida tariku misiri la (bi Repibiliki sigida dɔnniya misiri min tɔgɔ dara Aldan-Maadyr (jagokɛla 60) kan. A ka ɲɛnamaya daminɛ waati min kɛra siyako dɔnbaga ye, o ɲɛfɔra R. Itsa ka gafe kɔnɔ min tɔgɔ ye ko “Arrows of a Silent Rock” (M., 1966 San 1972-74, a ka ɲinini baara senfɛ, a ye kabakomayɔrɔ dɔ sɔrɔ Kungurtug kɛrɛfɛ kuluba dɔ la min nafa ka bon diɲɛ kɔnɔ - Budadiinɛ ka sɛbɛnw lajɛlen "Ganjur" min bɛ gafe 108 kɔnɔ ani "Danjur " pekin bɔko gafe 225 kɔnɔ sanskrikan na. Sisan, nin gafe ninnu ye Tuva misiri ka jiralifɛn nafamabaw ye."
San 1980 ni 1985 sàn M.B. Kenin-Lopsan kɛra Tuva ni RSFSR ka laadalakow baarakɛla bonyalen ye; san 1982 la wa? a b'a ka doktora kalan lafasa Leningrad, n'o ye "Plots and poetics of Tuvan shamanism" kan. San 5 tɛmɛnen kɔ, a ka monogafe Ritual Practice and Folklore of Tuvan Shamanism bɔra. San 19nan laban – san kɛmɛ 20nan daminɛ”, o ye dissertation sɛbɛn dafalen ye. Gafe in bɔra Novosibirsk, URSS ka dɔnniyakalanso ka Siberi bolofara ka tariku, filolozi ani filozofi kalanso la, o kɔfɛ, a ye nafaba sɔrɔ siyako la.
San 1991, Irisi jamana ɲɛmɔgɔba B.N. Yeltsin ye M.B. Kenin-Lopsan ni Ordre d’Amitie des Peuples ye a ka baara kɛlenw na sɛbɛnniw na. A fana ye tɔgɔ Sɔrɔ ko "People's Sriter of the Republic of Tyva". O san kelen in na, shamanw ka tɔn fɔlɔ dabɔli bolodara Irisi jamana na. San 1992 Nowanburukalo la, a tɔgɔ sɛbɛnna ko Tuvan Shamanw ka diinɛ jɛkulu "Dungur" ("Tambourine"); a sigibaga bɛ kɛ M.B. Kenin-Lopsan ye baara kɛ. O ko in bonya kama, diɲɛ Tuvan-Amerika Simpoziyɔmu fɔlɔ kɛra, dɔnnikɛlaw ni shamanw minnu bɛ baara kɛ ka bɔ diɲɛ fan bɛɛ la, olu tun bɛ kɛnɛ kan. San kelen o kɔfɛ, ka da gɔfɛrɛnaman ka laɲini dɔ kan, Tuva jamanakuntigi Sh.D. Oorzhak, min bɛ Repibiliki ka sigida dɔnniyaw ka misiri la. Aldan-Maadyr (jatigɛwalekɛla 60) dɔnniyaso min bɛ Shamanism kalanni na, o sigira sen kan.
San 1994, Foundation for Shamanistic Research, min sigira senkan Michael Harner fɛ, o ye M.B. Kenin-Lopsan tɔgɔ ye ko "Samanisimu nafolo ɲɛnama". O sàn kelen in na, a Kɛra "San mɔgɔ ɲuman ye dɔnniya siratigɛ la" ka gafe Bɔ min tɔgɔ ye ko "Tuvan jamana ka jogo kɔrɔw". A tɛmɛnen kɔ? "Tuvan jamanadenw ka laadalakow senumaw" bɔra san 1999. Gafe fila bɛɛ kɛra ko ye min tɛ fɛn ye kalanko ɲɛnamaya kɔnɔ, wa u donna Tuvan lakɔlisow ka kalan sɛbɛnw lisɛli kɔnɔ. Shamanw ka latigɛ fɛ, M.B. Kenin-Lopsan sugandira ka kɛ Tuvan shamanw ɲɛmɔgɔ ye a si bɛɛ la.
Politiki cogoya caman yeli la, a bɛ se ka kɛ ka sɛbɛnmarayɔrɔ saba bɔ Tuva jamana tariku kan ani Tuva ka diɲɛ jɛɲɔgɔnya tariku kan ni Irisi, Mongoli ani Sinuwa ye, minnu tun ma bɔ fɔlɔ. U lajɛra ka bɔ V.A. Dubrovsky ni M.B. Kenin-Lopsan ye san 1995 la. Ɲinan M.B. Kenin-Lopsan kɛra Kyzyl duguden bonyalen ye.
Kabini san 1995, M.B. Kenin-Lopsan donna diɲɛ dɔnniya siratigɛ la. A bɛ sàn 70 Sɔrɔ nin waati in na. U y’a wele ka na jɛmukanw ni rapɔɔriw di Erɔpu jamana caman na wa? Ɔtirisi ni Suwisi jamana na (1996), Ameriki (1998), Alimanjamana (2000), Itali (2001). A y’a sen don diɲɛ ɲɛjiraliw ni vernisagew la ni taama-taama jirali ye “Shamans of the Centre of Asia. Tuwankaw ka nsiirin ciyɛn. San 1995 desanburukalo la, a sugandira ka kɛ New York dɔnniyakalanso mɔgɔ dɔ ye, ani san 1997 Zanwuyekalo la, a y’a ka dɔgɔtɔrɔya kalan lafasa shamanism kan, a ye fɛnw lajɛ min kama san 45 ni kɔ kɔnɔ.
San 2000 Marisikalo la, ɲɛɲini dɔ la min labɛnna Azi cɛmancɛ kunnafonisɛbɛn fɛ, M.B. Kenin-Lopsan lakodɔnnen don ko "San kɛmɛ 20nan mɔgɔ" ani a kɛra gafe "Tiva jamana ka san kɛmɛ 20nan mɔgɔ ɲumanw" cɛfarin ye.
San 2004 Nowanburukalo tile 5 sariya dɔ fɛ, Irisi jamana ɲɛmɔgɔba V.V. Putin ye M.B. Kenin-Lopsan ni Ordre "For Merit to the Fatherland" II degree ye san caman kɛ baara nafama na ladamu ni seko ni dɔnko siratigɛ la. San 2006, Tyva jamana gɔfɛrɛnaman ɲɛmɔgɔ ka sariya fɛ, Sh.D. Oorzhak ka dɛmɛba kosɔn dɔnniya yiriwali la ani a ka san caman dusukun baara la M.B. Kenin-Lopsan ye tɔgɔ sɔrɔ min ye Tyva jamana ka dɔnnikɛla bonyalen ye.
K’a bɛɛ lajɛlen ta, M.B. Kenin-Lopsan ye gafe bi duuru ɲɔgɔn sɛbɛn: poyi, balade, maana surunw, gafew, ani bamanankan bamanankan na ka bɔ Irisikan na ka taa Tuvan. Ale ye Tuvan sɛbɛnniw klasiki ye.
A sigilen bɛ Kyzyl dugu la, Tyva mara la.
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January 19, 2025 19:12:59 +0200 GMT
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